Description
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Urea, also called carbamide, is an organic chemical compound, and
is essentially the waste produced by the body after metabolizing
protein. Naturally, the compound is produced when the liver breaks
down protein or amino acids, and ammonia; the kidneys then transfer
the urea from the blood to the urine. Extra nitrogen is expelled
from the body through urea, and because it is extremely soluble, it
is a very efficient process. The average person excretes about *0
grams of urea a day, mostly through urine, but a small amount is
also secreted in perspiration. Synthetic versions of the chemical
compound can be created in liquid or solid form, and is often an
ingredient found in fertilizers, animal feed, and diuretics, just
to name a few.
Most of the manufactured compound is used in fertilizers; when
nitrogen is added to urea, the compound becomes water soluble,
making it a highly desired ingredient for lawn fertilizer. The
synthetic version is also used commercially and industrially to
produce some types of plastics, animal feed, glues, toilet bowl
cleaners, dish washing machine detergents, hair coloring products,
pesticides, and fungicides. Medicinally, it is used in
barbiturates, dermatological products that re-hydrate the skin, and
diuretics.
Urea is usually spread at rates of between *0 and **0 kg/ha but
rates vary. Smaller applications incur lower losses due to
leaching. During summer, urea is often spread just before or during
rain to minimize losses from volatilization (process wherein
nitrogen is lost to the atmosphere as ammonia gas). Urea is not
compatible with other fertilizers.